The White House's abrupt move to double duties on Indian goods over its Russian oil purchases came with little warning and no clear path forward.

(This was originally published in the India File newsletter, which is issued every Tuesday. Sign up <a href=" rel="" title=" to get the latest news from India and how it matters to the world.)

Russian President Vladimir Putin and India's Narendra Modi will meet in New Delhi by the end of year, but no dates have been finalised yet, a Russian embassy official in India said on Wednesday.

China — often characterized by White House officials as the arch-rival of the U.S. in trade — has been among the countries most negatively affected by Trump’s mercurial barrage of tariffs. India is currently suffering severe penalties imposed by the Trump administration due to its continued purchasing of oil from Russia.

India and China have reached new common understandings agreeing to conduct normalised management and control of the boundary during Foreign Minister Wang Yi's visit to New Delhi, Beijing said.

India expects consumption tax cuts announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi will give a boost to the economy without hurting the government’s fiscal deficit, helping to offset the fallout from higher US tariffs.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi had been moving to align India with the United States and freeze out China. Now, efforts to rebuild ties between the Asian giants are gaining momentum.

India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi said he had held a phone call with Russian President Vladimir Putin on Monday and looked forward to continued exchanges in the days to come.

During his Friday speech, Modi also hinted India would continue its unilateral suspension of the Indus Water Treaty. The treaty, which India suspended after the April massacre, allows sharing of the Indus River that runs about 2,897 kilometers (1,800 miles) through South Asia and is a lifeline for both countries.

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi wrapped up a two-day visit to India after meeting with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The visit may signal thawing ties between New Delhi and Beijing after half a decade of heightened tensions.