In QPSK modulation, the bit stream of the signal to be transmitted (PCM signal) is previously sampled and decomposed into two binary waves (dibits). Each pair of dibits is associated with one of ...

Quantum security research has taken another leap forward, moving closer to reshaping the way sensitive data is protected in ...

To work around the problem, the OIF (Optical Internetworking Forum) has recommended using complex modulation to squeeze more bits per second per hertz from existing fiber. The OIF-proposed modulation ...

This demodulator is suitable for the quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulator previously published by the same author, "Novel Low-Cost QPSK Modulator Needs No Adjustments ...

In this paper, the authors are implemented BPSK modulation technique, a subsystem module of digital communication using reversible logic. Later on they have implemented a QPSK modulation technique ...

The QPSK modulation provides double data rate than the BPSK modulation technique. The certain impairments associated with the FSO system are also studied in this paper.

The QPSK modulator and demodulator with Costas phase-locked loop and DAC/ADC drivers are placed in FPGA. Also, the GNU Radio application prepares the data for transmission starting with reading the ...

Modulation modes higher than QPSK are not new. 8PSK and 16QAM were a part of the DVB-DSNG specification that allowed more spectrum-efficient modulation modes to be used for DSNG. In DVB-S2, both ...

Specifically, QPSK explores all four quadrants of the constellation, and it is the key building unit for highly efficient modulation techniques that are widely used in today's telecommunication ...

QPSK modulation places two bits per symbol by phase-shifting a carrier of light in response to incoming bit pairs (00, 01, 10, 11). Each symbol represents two bits. A receiver will demodulate each ...